ABSTRACT Objective: To describe leprosy involvement and physical disability profiles in children and adolescents under 15 years old. Methods: Ecological time series study, based on data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System, including new cases of leprosy residing in Palmas (TO), from 2001 to 2020. Results: A total of 471 notified cases in children and adolescents under 15 years of age were evaluated, resulting in a detection coefficient of 26.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. Of these, 52% (n=243) were women, 5% (n=24) corresponded to grade two disability, and 36% (n=168) were diagnosed through spontaneous demand. The temporal trend analysis showed a 0.5% reduction in the detection coefficient. There was a significant decrease in the diagnosis of the undetermined and tuberculoid clinical forms and a significant increase in the dimorphous form. Diagnosis through contact examination increased significantly by 13.1% and that through spontaneous demand decreased by 4.9%. The detection coefficient of cases with grade two disability reduced significantly by 7.4% while those with grade one increased by 16.8%. Conclusions: Despite the downward trend in the detection coefficient in children and adolescents under 15 years of age and in cases with grade two disability, other factors indicate failure in the adequate management of leprosy in Palmas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever os perfis de acometimento de hanseníase e incapacidade física em menores de 15 anos. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, baseado em dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação, incluindo casos novos de hanseníase residentes em Palmas (TO), no período de 2001 a 2020. Resultados: Foram avaliados 471 casos notificados em crianças e adolescentes menores de 15 anos, resultando em um coeficiente de detecção de 26,5 por cem mil habitantes. Destes, 52% (n=243) eram do gênero feminino, 5% (n=24) correspondiam ao grau dois de incapacidade física, e 36% (n=168) foram diagnosticados por demanda espontânea. A análise de tendência temporal mostrou queda do coeficiente de detecção em 0,5%. Houve queda significativa no diagnóstico das formas clínicas indeterminada e tuberculoide e aumento significativo da dimorfa. O diagnóstico por exame de contato teve um aumento significativo de 13,1% e o por demanda espontânea, queda significativa de 4,9%. O coeficiente de detecção de casos com grau dois de incapacidade apresentou uma queda significativa de 7,4%, enquanto o de casos com grau um, apresentou um aumento de 16,8%. Conclusões: Apesar da tendência de queda do coeficiente de detecção em menores de 15 anos e do coeficiente de detecção de casos com grau dois de incapacidade, outros fatores indicam falha no manejo adequado da hanseníase em Palmas.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to verify the association between childhood anthropometric indicators and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in adulthood. Methods: Repeated measures of 137 subjects (68 females) were obtained in childhood (9.2±1.5 years of age) and adulthood (22.3±1.7 years of age). aBMD (g/cm2) was assessed for whole body, lumbar spine, upper and lower limbs, and femoral neck in adulthood using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Anthropometric measurements of body weight (BW), height, triceps and subscapular skinfolds were obtained in childhood. The anthropometric indicators used were BW, body mass index (BMI), and sum of skinfolds (ΣSF). Simple linear regression was used to assess the association between childhood anthropometric indicators and aBMD in adulthood, controlled by chronological age and stratified by sex, with 5% statistical significance. Results: In females, multiple associations were observed between anthropometric indicators and aBMD, with higher coefficients for BMI (β=0.020; R2=0.20; p<0.01 for right femoral neck to β=0.008; R2=0.16; p<0.01 for upper limbs), followed by BW (β=0.003; R2=0.21; p<0.01 for upper limbs to β=0.008; R2=0.20; p<0.01 for right femoral neck) and ΣSF (β=0.001; R2=0.06; p<0.01 for upper limbs to β=0.005; R2=0.12; p<0.01 for right femoral neck). In males, associations were observed only for the lumbar spine region (β=0.016; R2=0.09 for BMI to β=0.004; R2=0.06; p<0.01 for ΣSF). Conclusions: Anthropometric indicators of childhood proved to be sensitive predictors of aBMD in adulthood, especially in females. BMI indicated a greater association with aBMD in both sexes.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a associação entre os indicadores antropométricos da infância com a área da densidade mineral óssea (aDMO) na idade adulta. Métodos: Medidas repetidas de 137 sujeitos (68 do sexo feminino) foram obtidos na infância (9,2±1,5 anos de idade) e idade adulta (22,3±1,7 anos de idade). A aDMO (g/cm2) foi avaliada para todo o corpo, coluna lombar, membros superiores e inferiores e colo do fêmur na idade adulta usando a absorciometria radiológica de dupla energia (DXA). Medidas antropométricas de peso corporal, estatura e dobras cutâneas das regiões tricipital e subescapular foram obtidas na infância. Os indicadores antropométricos utilizados para as análises foram o peso corporal (PC), o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o somatório de dobras cutâneas (ΣDC). Regressão linear simples controlada pela idade e estratificada por sexo foi empregada para avaliar a associação entre os indicadores antropométricos do período da infância na aDMO na idade adulta, com significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: No sexo feminino, múltiplas associações foram observadas entre os indicadores antropométricos e a aDMO, com maiores coeficientes para IMC (β=0,020; R2=0,20; p<0.01 para colo do fêmur direito a β=0,008; R2=0,16; p<0,01 para membros superiores), seguido da PC (β=0,003; r2=0,21; p<0,01 para membros superiores a β=0,008; r2=0,20; p<0,01 para colo do fêmur direito) e ΣDC (β=0,001; R2=0,06; p<0,01 para membros superiores a β=0,005; R2=0,12; p<0,01 para colo do fêmur direito). No sexo masculino, associações ocorreram apenas na região da coluna (β=0,016; R2=0,09 para IMC a β=0,004; R2=0,06; p<0,01 para ΣDC). Conclusões: Indicadores antropométricos da infância mostraram ser sensíveis preditores da aDMO na idade adulta, especialmente no sexo feminino. O IMC indicou maior associação com a aDMO em ambos os sexos.

Resumo Introdução: A tatuagem, é um fenômeno antropológico presente em diversas sociedades, cujas modificações relacionam-se às motivações, significados, símbolos e traços dependentes do contexto histórico e sociocultural. No entanto, o preconceito ainda é referido. Com a flexibilização dos costumes, a medicina tem absorvido em seus quadros corporativos jovens tatuados ou com o desejo de tatuar o próprio corpo. Objetivos: analisar a tipologia e motivações para uso de tatuagens por docentes e estudantes de graduação em medicina, a relação com a identidade profissional, e os efeitos no cotidiano. Metodologia: Estudo de caso, qualitativo com triangulação de métodos: questionários on-line; escala de atitudes; fotografia reflexiva; software Iramuteq. Resultados: O uso de tatuagens relaciona-se com variáveis como gênero (mulheres > homens), faixa etária (discentes > docentes) e religião (não cristãos > cristãos). A identidade profissional não é o motivo principal na escolha da tatuagem predominando as memórias afetivas e símbolos indicativos de espiritualidade. A autonomia é determinante na tomada de decisão e mostra duplo padrão: um tradicional, prudencial, dependente da aquisição de autonomia posterior à graduação e presente entre os docentes; outro anterior ao ingresso na universidade. A tolerância na forma de indiferença predomina ao lado do preconceito, notado e vivenciado por discentes e docentes. Conclusão: O relativismo moral, indicado pelas atitudes de tolerância e indiferença, demanda das instituições formadoras e reguladoras da profissão, a reflexão ética sobre princípios e valores relacionados à progressiva identificação com a profissão durante a formação: respeito, tolerância, autonomia do médico, autocuidado, e responsabilidade nas relações no trabalho. A metodologia adotada, de triangulação, foi importante para superar as dificuldades impostas pela pandemia e para a compreensão adequada do tema estudado.

Abstract Introduction: Tattooing is an anthropological phenomenon present in several societies, whose modifications are related to motivations, meanings, symbols and traits dependent on the historical and sociocultural context. However, prejudice is still referred to. With the flexibilization of customs, medicine has absorbed in its corporate cadres young tattooed or with the desire to tattoo the body itself. Objectives: to analyze the typology and motivations for the use of tattoos by professors and undergraduate students in medicine, the relationship with professional identity, and the effects on daily life. Methods: Qualitative case study with triangulation of methods: online questionnaires; scale of attitudes; reflective photography; Iramuteq software. Results: The use of tattoos is related to variables such as gender (women > men), age group (students > teachers) and religion (non-Christians > Christians). Professional identity is not the main reason for choosing a tattoo. Affective memories and symbols indicative of spirituality are the main motives. Autonomy is determinant in decision-making and shows a double standard: a traditional, prudential, dependent on the acquisition of autonomy after graduation and present among teachers; another prior to entering university. Tolerance in the form of indifference predominates alongside prejudice, noticed and experienced by students and teachers. Conclusion: Moral relativism, indicated by attitudes of tolerance and indifference, demand of the institutions that form and regulate the profession, ethical reflection on principles and values related to progressive identification with the profession during training: respect, tolerance, autonomy of the doctor, self-care, and responsibility in relationships at work. The methodology adopted, of triangulation, was important to overcome the difficulties imposed by the pandemic and to adequately understand the studied subject.

ABSTRACT Podzols are highly sandy soils, in which elements, such as potassium, needed by crops, are easily leached. Studies have indicated that biochar can contribute to increasing cation exchange capacity of the soil, which can improve the retention of bases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the poultry litter biochar combined or not with increasing doses of KCl, on leaching and soil base content, on the production of green manure biomass, and on the distribution of K in the soil-water-plant system. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with 6 repetitions: without and with biochar (1% v / v, produced from poultry litter) × without K, with 53.65 and 107.30 mg dm-3 of K (as KCl). The experiment was carried out in four steps: Step 1) Soil incubation with the treatments (for 20 days) followed by chemical analysis of the soil; Step 2) First leaching: the containers (made with PVC with 0.30 m high) received the newly incubated soil in the surface layer and soil without treatment in the subsurface layer. The containers received water until saturation plus 50 % of the total pore volume and the leached water was collected and analyzed; Step 3) Cultivation of green manure (Mucuna aterrima) in the containers of Step 2 and harvest within 40 days (evaluation of biomass and K content); Step 4) after the mucuna harvest, the containers were subjected to second leaching. The leaching solution and the soil from the surface and subsurface layers were collected for chemical analysis. Biochar increased the pH, cationic exchange capacity, P, K, Ca, and Mg levels in the newly incubated soil, in the surface and subsurface layer. The increasing doses of KCl proportionally increased biomass production and K accumulation in green manure, and the biochar increased this response and reduces the need for potassium fertilization by 50 %. With biochar, the accumulation of total K in the soil-plant-water system increases by 125 % and, in the soil-plant system, by 145 %. Biochar changes the K ratio in the soil-plant-water system. With biochar, proportionally, the highest accumulated percentage of K occurred mainly in the soil surface and subsurface layer, and did not result in higher percentages of K in the leached water. Biochar produced from poultry litter can be used as a good alternative to improve the chemical properties of Podzols and reduce nutrient losses.

Abstract Irrigation solutions might affect dentin surface characteristics and, consequently, endodontic sealers adhesion. Objective This study analyzed the effect of different final irrigation protocols on push-out bond strength (BS) of AH Plus to dentin seven days and 20 months after obturation. Scanning electron micrographs were obtained from the dentin surface of one sample/group after final irrigation. Methodology Canals of bovine incisors were instrumented and received final irrigation with (n=21): G1 – 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + distilled water; G2 – 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; G3 – 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl; G4 – 2.5% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G5 – mixture 5% NaOCl + 18% etidronate (HEDP); and G6 – mixture 5% NaOCl + 10% tetrasodium EDTA (Na4EDTA). After irrigation, one root/group was split and images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The other 20 roots/group were filled with only AH Plus sealer. Three slices/root were used for push-out assessment seven days and 20 months after obturation. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey (α<0.05) were used to compare the results among experimental groups, and unpaired t-test (α<0.05) was used to compare the results of the same group over time. Results The photomicrographs showed that, excepting G1, all groups completely removed the smear layer from the samples. In G2 and G4, the opening of the dentin tubules enlarged. In G3, erosion was observed in the peritubular and intertubular dentin. Values of the BS in the seven days were G2=G3=G4=G5>G6=G1 and in the 20 months were G3=G5>G6=G4>G1=G2. G3, G5, and G6 presented values of BS in 20 months similar to the values of seven days (P>0.05). Conclusions The final irrigation protocols tested produced dentin surfaces with different characteristics. Only G3 and G5 presented high BS values that were stable over time.

Abstract Introduction Return to sport is a desired outcome in individuals submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Objective Understand the factors that affect return to pre-injury level sport after ACLR from the patient’s perspective. Methods The sample consisted of 29 individuals submitted to ACLR who participated in sport before the ligament injury. This is a narrative analysis with a qualitative approach, using a semi-structured interview as a methodological resource. Standardized instruments were also applied to evaluate psychological readiness to return to sport, via the Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Return to Sport after Injury Scale (ACL-RSI); self-perceived knee function using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective questionnaire; and the frequency of participation in sports with the Marx scale. Results Analysis of the interviews produced three main themes related to post-ACLR return to sport: self-discipline, fear of reinjury and social support. In qualitative analysis, the average scores obtained were 59.17 (± 23.22) on the ACL-RSI scale, 78.16 (± 19.03) for the IKDC questionnaire and 9.62 (± 4.73) and 7.86 (± 5.44) for the Marx scale before and after surgery, respectively. Conclusion: Psychological factors influence the decision to return to sport post-ACLR. Physiotherapists should therefore be aware of the psychological aspects and expectations of patients, and that other health professionals may be needed to help prepare these individuals to return to their preinjury sports level and achieve more satisfactory outcomes after ACLR.

Resumo Introdução O retorno ao esporte é um desfecho alme-jado pelos indivíduos que se submetem à reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (RLCA). Objetivo Com-preender os fatores que interferem no retorno ao esporte no nível anterior à lesão ligamentar em indivíduos submetidos à RLCA sob o ponto de vista do paciente. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 29 indivíduos que se submeteram à RLCA e praticavam esporte antes da lesão ligamentar. O estudo é caracterizado como uma pesquisa narrativa de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando como recurso metodológico a entrevista semiestrutu-rada. Com o uso de instrumentos padronizados, avaliou-se também a prontidão psicológica para retornar ao esporte, utilizando a escala ACL-RSI; a autopercepção da função do joelho, utilizando o questionário subjetivo do IKDC; e a frequência de participação esportiva antes da lesão e após a cirurgia, utilizando a Escala de Marx. Resultados A análise das entrevistas gerou três unidades temáticas principais relacionadas com o retorno ao esporte pós-RLCA: autodisciplina, medo de uma nova lesão e suporte social. Na análise quantitativa, obteve-se média de 59,17 pontos (± 23,22) na escala ACL-RSI, 78,16 pontos (± 19,03) no IKDC, e 9,62 (± 4,73) e 7,86 pontos (± 5,44) na escala de Marx, antes da lesão e após a cirurgia, respectivamente. Conclusão Fatores psicológicos influenciam a decisão de retorno ao esporte pós-RLCA. Os fisioterapeutas, portanto, devem estar atentos aos aspectos psicológicos e expectativas dos pacientes, considerando a necessidade de outros profissionais da saúde auxiliarem na preparação do indivíduo para retornar ao nível esportivo pré-lesão e alcançar resultados mais satisfatórios pós-RLCA.

Objectives: Gene-environment interactions increase the risk of psychosis. The objective of this study was to investigate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in psychosis, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of dopamine-2 receptor (D2R), N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), lifetime cannabis use, and childhood trauma. Methods: Twenty-three SNVs of genes encoding D2R (DRD2: rs1799978, rs7131056, rs6275), NMDAR (GRIN1: rs4880213, rs11146020; GRIN2A: rs1420040, rs11866328; GRIN2B: rs890, rs2098469, rs7298664), and CB1R (CNR1: rs806380, rs806379, rs1049353, rs6454674, rs1535255, rs2023239, rs12720071, rs6928499, rs806374, rs7766029, rs806378, rs10485170, rs9450898) were genotyped in 143 first-episode psychosis patients (FEPp) and 286 community-based controls by Illumina HumanCoreExome-24 BeadChip. Gene-gene and gene-environment associations were assessed using nonparametric Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction software. Results: Single-locus analyses among the 23 SNVs for psychosis and gene-gene interactions were not significant (p > 0.05 for all comparisons); however, both environmental risk factors showed an association with psychosis (p < 0.001). Moreover, gene-environment interactions were significant for an SNV in CNR1 and cannabis use. The best-performing model was the combination of CNR1 rs12720071 and lifetime cannabis use (p < 0.001), suggesting an increased risk of psychosis. Conclusion: Our study supports the hypothesis of gene-environment interactions for psychosis involving T-allele carriers of CNR1 SNVs, childhood trauma, and cannabis use.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify changes in physical activity, sitting time, and binge eating disorder in Brazilian women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted online on 150 Brazilian women adults. The prevalence of binge eating and physically inactive women increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Binge eating was associated with insufficient physical activity before (p = 0.01) and during the pandemic (p = 0.05). The physical activity time and sitting time showed no differences after adjustment for possible confounders (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the pandemic affected Brazilian women’s lifestyle and eating behavior.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue identificar cambios los cambios en la actividad física, el tiempo sentado y el trastorno por atracón en mujeres brasileñas durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Es un estudio transversal y retrospectivo que evaluó, a través de un formulario en línea en 150 mujeres brasileñas adultas. La prevalencia de atracones y de mujeres físicamente inactivas aumentó durante la pandemia de COVID-19 (p = < 0,001 y p = 0,01, respectivamente). Los atracones se asociaron con actividad física insuficiente antes (p = 0,01) y durante la pandemia (p = 0,05). El tiempo de actividad física y el tiempo sentado no difirieron después del ajuste por posibles factores de confusión (p > 0,05). En conclusión, la pandemia afectó el estilo de vida y el comportamiento alimentario de las mujeres brasileñas.

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar mudanças na atividade física, tempo sentado e transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica em mulheres brasileiras durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e retrospectivo por meio de um formulário on-line em 150 mulheres adultas brasileiras. A prevalência de compulsão alimentar e de mulheres fisicamente inativas aumentou durante a pandemia de COVID-19 (p = < 0,001 e p = 0,01, respectivamente). A compulsão alimentar foi associada à atividade física insuficiente antes (p = 0,01) e durante a pandemia (p = 0,05). O tempo de atividade física e o tempo sentado não apresentaram diferenças após ajuste para possíveis fatores de confusão (p > 0,05). Em conclusão, a pandemia afetou o estilo de vida e o comportamento alimentar das mulheres brasileiras.

ABSTRACT The effects of diets containing oilseeds were measured to evaluate the productive and economic parameters in the finishing of young, feedlot Nellore bulls. Twenty-four young Nellore bulls were used, with an initial body weight (BW) of 311.46±0.37 kg and 24 months of age, distributed into individual stalls ( 4 × 20 m) in a completely randomized design, totaling four treatments with six repetitions per treatment. Four diets (control, based on corn and soybean meal, and three diets containing cottonseed, soybean, and sunflower) were evaluated. Feed and orts were measured daily to calculate intake and costs. The dry matter intake of the control group was higher than soybean (10.64 kg/day), cotton (9.88 kg/day), and sunflower (9.30 kg/day) treatments, respectively. The cottonseed treatment showed the highest average neutral detergent fiber intake. There was a dietary effect of diets on average daily gain, total weight gain, and final weight. The soybean treatment showed the highest performance, total gain (232.55 kg), and final weight (544.38 kg). Oilseed intake can modify the fatty acids profile in the meat, decreasing its saturated fatty acid content. Whole soybean seed favors performance, improves feed efficiency, fatty acid profile, and fat distribution in the carcass, and can reduce production costs.

Abstract Spix's yellow-toothed cavies are rodents displaying high biological and farming potential. Knowledge of cavy reproductive aspects is paramount for satisfactory breeding. This study aimed to determine the gestation length and characterize the reproductive cycle phases of Spix's yellow-toothed cavies, also investigating potential male effects on these processes. The investigated animals were categorized into three groups: Gestational follow-up (G1), with a 5:1 female-to-male enclosure ratio; estrous cycle (G2), with a 5:1 female-to-male ratio with a male confined to a cage; and G3, consisting of five females and no male. Daily colpocytological examinations were performed, with the presence of spermatozoa on the microscopy slides indicative of copulation. G1 females were separated from the male immediately after copulation, with this being considered day "zero" of the pregnancy. G2 and G3 females were evaluated for two complete estrous cycles and qualitatively assessed through vaginal smears. The gestation length of the Spix's yellow-toothed cavies averaged 59 ± 2.24 days, with a continuous polyestrous cycle lasting 14.8 ± 0.73 days in G2 and 14.6 ± 0.75 days in G3. The proestrus phase was characterized by the dominance of parabasal cells, dyes, bacteria, and leukocytes; the estrus phase, by superficial cells with the predominance of anucleate cells with and without the presence of bacteria; the metestrus phase, by parabasal cells and numerous genuine cells, neutrophils, and bacteria; and the diestrus phase, mainly by basal, parabasal, and mutant cells, as well as high amounts of vaginal mucus, neutrophils, and bacteria. The presence of a male cavy significantly influenced diestrus duration, prolonging this phase, which is potentially attributed to female progesterone production effects.

Resumo O preá é um roedor com elevado potencial biológico e zootécnico a ser explorado, sendo o conhecimento sobre os aspectos reprodutivos fundamentais para que sua criação seja satisfatória. Objetivou-se determinar a duração da gestação em preás, e a caracterização das fases do ciclo reprodutivo, verificando, se existe influência da presença do macho neste processo. Os animais foram separados em três grupos: Acompanhamento gestacional (G1), 5:1, proporção de fêmea e macho no box; Ciclo estral, 5:1, com o macho preso em gaiola (G2) e cinco fêmeas em outro box sem o macho (G3). O exame colpocitológico ocorreu diariamente, identificado o espermatozoide na lâmina como cópula. As fêmeas do G1 foram separadas assim que copulavam e contadas como dia “zero” da gestação. As fêmeas do G2 e G3 foram avaliadas ao longo de dois ciclos estrais completos, avaliados qualitativamente pelo o esfregaço vaginal. O período de gestação em preás foi de 59±2,24 dias, com um ciclo poliéstrico contínuo, com duração de 14,8±0,73 dias no G2 e 14,6±0,75 dias no G3. O proestro caracterizou-se pelo predomínio de células parabasais, intermediárias, bactérias e leucócitos; o estro, células superficiais, com predomínio das anucleadas com presença ou não de bactérias; metaestro, células parabasais e grande quantidade de células intermediárias, neutrófilos e bactérias; diestro, predomínio de células basais, parabasais e intermediárias e grande quantidade de muco vaginal, neutrófilos e bactérias. A presença do macho influenciou significativamente a duração do diestro, tornando-se mais longa, fato que pode estar atrelado a influência sobre a produção de progesterona na fêmea.

Abstract Objective Investigate the auditory function of the elderly using the middle latency potentials. Methodology Group 1 (G1): 20 healthy individuals of both genders, older than 60 years, without hearing loss. Group 2 (G2): 20 healthy individuals of both sexes, older than 60 years, with hearing loss in frequencies from 4 to 8 kHz. Potential recording was performed with unilateral and bilateral stimulation and the Binaural Interaction Component was calculated. Results Na latency in C3A1 was greater in the stimulation of the right ear in G2 and the amplitude of Na-Pa was greater in the stimulation of the right ear and recording in C3A1 in G1. The latency of the Pa component was higher in the stimulation of the right ear recorded in C4A2. The Pb component in G2 by bilateral stimulation and recorded in C4A2 had higher latency. The first and second negative and positive peaks presented greater amplitude in G1. In C3A1, the 1st negative peak was more negative in G1 and the 2nd positive peak showed greater amplitude in C4A2 in both groups. Conclusion The transmission of auditory information to the primary auditory cortex is impaired with aging, especially in unilateral stimulation, reinforced by losses in elderly people with peripheral hearing loss, such as in the binaural interaction at the cortical and subcortical levels. Thus, the AMLR has shown to be a sensitive examination to investigate neuroauditory disorders in the elderly, especially related to high-frequency hearing loss and primary auditory cortex dysfunctions caused by the aging process.

ABSTRACT This article aimed to understand the school life experiences of pregnant adolescents. This is a qualitative and descriptive research. Participated in the study 14 pregnant adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age who were undergoing prenatal care in the public network of the municipality. A semi-structured interview was conducted with each participant about their school life history. Data analysis made it possible to create two categories: “pregnant adolescents who stopped studying” and “pregnant adolescents who continued studying”. A total of 14 adolescents were interviewed, 10 stopped studying, and four continued studying. The importance of family and school support was observed so that the adolescents could continue their studies. Adolescents sought a welcoming environment at school for their emotional needs, but not all of them had the opportunity to experience it. Support to the school community is essential for it to be able to offer the necessary support to its students.

RESUMEN En este artículo se tuvo el objetivo general comprender las experiencias de vida escolar de adolescentes embarazadas. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva. Participaron del estudio 14 adolescentes embarazadas entre 15 y 19 años que estaban realizando prenatal en la red pública del municipio. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada con cada participante sobre la historia de vida escolar. El análisis de datos posibilitó la elaboración de dos categorías: “adolescentes embarazadas que dejaron de estudiar” y “adolescentes embarazadas que siguieran estudiando”. De las 14 adolescentes entrevistadas, 10 dejaron de estudiar, y cuatro siguieron estudiando. Se percibió la importancia del soporte familiar y escolar para que las adolescentes pudiesen seguir sus estudios. Las adolescentes buscaban en la escuela un ambiente acogedor para sus necesidades emocionales, pero no todas tuvieron la posibilidad de vivenciarlo. El soporte a la comunidad escolar es fundamental para que ella pueda ofrecer el amparo necesario para sus alumnos.

RESUMO Este artigo teve como objetivo geral compreender as experiências de vida escolar de adolescentes grávidas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. Participaram do estudo 14 adolescentes grávidas entre 15 e 19 anos de idade que estavam realizando pré-natal na rede pública do município. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com cada participante sobre a história de vida escolar. A análise de dados possibilitou a elaboração de duas categorias: “adolescentes grávidas que pararam de estudar” e “adolescentes grávidas que continuaram estudando”. Das 14 adolescentes entrevistadas, 10 pararam de estudar e quatro continuaram estudando. Observou-se a importância do suporte familiar e escolar para que as adolescentes pudessem continuar seus estudos. As adolescentes buscavam na escola um ambiente acolhedor para suas necessidades emocionais, mas nem todas tiveram a possibilidade de vivenciá-lo. O suporte à comunidade escolar é fundamental para que ela consiga oferecer o amparo necessário para seus alunos.

RESUMO A rica diversidade genética e ampla adaptação a diversos ambientes observadas na cultura do arroz (Oryza sativa L.) fornecem recursos fundamentais para conservação e melhoramento do cereal. A análise de correlações canônicas pode ser utilizada para aumentar a eficiência de seleção de genótipos superiores, pois várias características são avaliadas simultaneamente. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve por objetivo comparar características morfoagronômicas e estimar a magnitude da associação e interdependência entre dois grupos de características em genótipos de tipos especiais de arroz. O ensaio foi realizado entre novembro de 2020 e abril de 2021, no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica - RJ. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados dezessete genótipos, dos quais cinco de arroz branco e onze de tipos especiais. Para a determinação das correlações canônicas foram utilizados dois grupos de variáveis, sendo o grupo I composto por quatro características morfológicas e o grupo II composto por quatro componentes da produção. Houve diferenças significativas (P<0,01) entre os genótipos para as oito características avaliadas. O primeiro, o segundo e terceiro pares apresentaram correlações canônicas significativas a 5% de probabilidade, demonstrando que esses grupos não são independentes. A seleção de genótipos superiores, para produção, pode basear-se na escolha de plantas com maior espessura da folha bandeira, maior altura e menor ângulo da folha bandeira.

ABSTRACT The rich genetic diversity and wide adaptation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different environments provide fundamental resources for its conservation and improvement. The analysis of canonical correlations can be used to increase the efficiency of selecting superior genotypes, as several traits are evaluated simultaneously. Thus, this study aimed to compare morphoagronomic traits and estimate the magnitude of the association and interdependence between two groups of traits in genotypes of special types of rice. The experiment was carried out between November 2020 and April 2021 at the Department of Plant Science of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica - RJ. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replications. Seventeen genotypes were evaluated, five of them consisting of white rice and eleven special types of rice. Two groups of variables were used to determine the canonical correlations, with group I composed of four morphological traits and group II composed of four yield components. Significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between genotypes for the eight evaluated traits. The first, second, and third pairs showed significant canonical correlations at a 5% probability, demonstrating that these groups are not independent. The selection of superior genotypes for production can be based on choosing plants with higher flag leaf thickness, higher height, and lower flag leaf angle.

Resumo A periodontite e a hipertensão arterial são duas das patologias com maior prevalência global, as evidências relatadas até o momento têm sido favoráveis a uma associação entre elas. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar contagem microbiológicas de pacientes hipertensos e normotensos com periodontite. Dados sociodemográficos, comportamentais, de saúde sistêmica e parâmetros clínicos periodontais foram avaliados. Contagens de A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis e F. nucleatum foram realizadas por reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real utilizando amostras de biofilme subgengival. Trinta e oito pacientes foram incluídos nesta análise preliminar, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Normotenso (GN) (n = 14) e Grupo Hipertenso (GH) (n = 24). Pacientes diagnosticados com periodontite compuseram os dois grupos. A análise dos dados foi realizada com nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos para o diagnóstico clínico de periodontite. Além disso, os hipertensos apresentaram maior contagem de P. intermedia, P. gingivalis e F. nucleatum quando comparados aos normotensos. Os parâmetros profundidade de sondagem, sangramento à sondagem e contagem de A. actinomycetemcomitans não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. Com esses resultados preliminares, pode-se concluir que a presença de hipertensão arterial pode estar associada a uma maior quantidade de bactérias periodontopatogênicas de algumas espécies em indivíduos com periodontite.

Abstract Periodontitis and arterial hypertension are two of the pathologies with the highest global prevalence; evidence reported so far has been favorable to an association between them. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate and compare the microbiological counts of hypertensive and normotensive patients with periodontitis. Sociodemographic, behavioral, systemic health data and periodontal clinical parameters were assessed. Counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using subgingival biofilm samples. Thirty-eight patients were included in this preliminary analysis, divided into two groups: Normotensive Group (NG) (n = 14) and Hypertensive Group (HG) (n = 24). Patients diagnosed with periodontitis composed both groups. Data analysis was performed with significance level of 5%. There was no significant difference between groups for clinical periodontitis diagnosis. In addition, hypertensive individuals had higher P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum counts when compared to normotensive individuals. The parameters probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and A. actinomycetemcomitans count did not presented statistical differences between groups. With these preliminary results, it can be concluded that the presence of arterial hypertension may be associated with a greater quantity of periodontopathogenic bacterial of some species in individuals with periodontitis.

RESUMO: A Cattleya tigrina A. Rich vem sofrendo grandes perdas no seu habitat natural, sendo assim foi inclusa na lista de vulneráveis a extinção. O desenvolvimento de metodologias de propagação e conservação in vitro, bem como de aclimatização, são consideradas importantes para espécies em risco de extinção, por promover a multiplicação e conservação da espécie, evitando a perda do seu material genético. Desta forma, o presente trabalho visou estabelecer protocolo de micropropagação e conservação in vitro de C. tigrina. Para propagação in vitro testou volumes de meio de cultura e duas consistências do meio MS (líquido estacionário e semissólido). Para aclimatização, analisou misturas de substratos contendo casca de pinus, carvão vegetal, vermiculita e pó de coco. Para conservação in vitro, foram testados diferentes concentrações de sais no meio MS, reguladores osmóticos (sacarose, manitol e sorbitol), e duas temperaturas (18 e 25 °C). Os resultados obtidos inferem que, o meio de cultura semissólido foi superior ao líquido nas variáveis sobrevivência e presença de raízes, enquanto que o meio líquido foi superior ao meio semissólido em números de brotos. Na aclimatização a casca de pinus foi o substrato em que as plantas se desenvolveram melhor em altura, brotação e enraizamento. A conservação foi satisfatória e as plantas permaneceram viáveis por um período de 730 dias, usando 25% dos sais MS e temperatura de 18 ºC ou 25 ºC. As plantas podem ser propagadas em meio MS líquido estacionário (10 mL) ou semissólido (25 mL), aclimatizadas em casca de pinus e conservadas em 25% dos sais MS (18 ºC ou 25 ºC).

ABSTRACT: Cattleya tigrina A. Rich has been suffering heavy losses in its natural habitat and it is now included in the list of plants that are vulnerable to extinction. The development of in vitro propagation and conservation methodologies, as well as acclimatization, are considered important for species at the risk of extinction, as they promote the multiplication and conservation of the species, hence avoiding the loss of their genetic variability. The present study established the protocol of micropropagation and the in vitro conservation of C. tigrina. For the in vitro propagation, the study tested two volumes of the MS medium and two medium consistencies (stationary liquid and semi-solid). For acclimatization, the substrate mixtures containing pine bark, charcoal, vermiculite, and coconut coir were analyzed. For the in vitro conservation, different concentrations of the salts were tested in the MS medium, together with the osmotic regulators (sucrose, mannitol, and sorbitol), and at two temperatures (18 and 25 °C). The results obtained inferred that the semi-solid medium was superior to the stationary liquid medium in the variables of survival and the presence of roots, while the liquid medium was superior to the semi-solid medium in the number of shoots. For acclimatization, pine bark was the substrate where the plants developed an improved height, with sprouting, and rooting. The conservation was satisfactory and the plants remained viable for a period of 730 days, with the MS medium with 25% of the salts, and at temperatures of 18 ºC or 25 ºC. The plants were propagated in the stationary liquid MS medium (10 mL) and the semi-solid medium (25 mL), while they were acclimatized in pine bark and preserved in the MS medium with 25% of the salts (18 ºC or 25 ºC).